Jo is a PhD candidate in the School of Humanities and Social Sciences (Criminology), and a Part-Time Lecturer in Criminology on undergraduate and postgraduate degree courses. Her doctoral research examines the development of the criminalisation of alleged 'gang' crime, through the lens of racialisation and empire. She aims to trace the development of the racialisation of suspect communities from the British in India through to the present day, and the continued injustice of the 'joint enterprise' doctine in the UK criminal justice system.