Recent evidence suggests that school nurses are best placed to raise awareness and support families affected by paternal imprisonment. Less emphasis has been placed on health visitor practice in working with and supporting families with children under the age of five involved in the criminal justice system and yet professionals working in the area offer a potential in addressing the needs of these families. Through presenting findings from a review of the literature undertaken to explore the impact of father imprisonment on infant mental health, this paper seeks to discuss emerging findings from the current evidence-base.